Pauly, 1974a, b
Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, OR, USA

Both publications, that appeared as part I and part II in the same issue of the Archives of Sexual Behavior, cite data about 80 cases of FMTs the author compiled from 39 publications. As done in a previous overview (Pauly, 1965) , he compared the data of this "sample" of 80 with other samples under two aspects - namely, the proportion of operated and the gender proportion. In the following we will cite the overall overview and after that we will present the data of Pauly's "own" sample in as far as it regards the follow-up study aspect.
The 39 publications that were regarded appeared between 1922-1970 and stemmed from seven language areas (English 18[46%], German 10[26%], French 7[18%], Italian 2[5%] and one each from Dutch and Czech [2.5% each]). In them were patients from the USA (12[31%]), France and Germany (7[18%]), England, Italy, Sweden and Switzerland (2[5.1%] each) and from The Netherlands, Norway, Austria, South Africa and Czechoslovakia (1[2.5%] each) were described.

Every case description was compiled with 102 items (statements about the publication [5 items], history [32 items], family history and social data [25 items], medical data [14 items], treatment [13 items], psychological and psychiatric data [13 items]. The first three theme groups were treated in part I and the last three in part II of the publication.

• Sample
• Results
• Follow-up Studies Mentioned
• Methodological and Ideological Issues
• Authors' Conclusion
• Remarks

Results
The author cites the evaluation of the primary authors. By their coinciding evaluations, all patients (100%, n=35), for whom statements were available felt better post-surgically and / or after hormone treatment, which could have been seen mostly in the reduction of psychopathic expressions. Subjectively all 38 patients whose statements were available expressed satisfaction about the surgery and said that they felt much better than pre-surgically. Sixty-six percent (n=38) had changed the first name and legal sex post-surgically.

Follow-up Studies Mentioned
Of those follow-up studies mentioned in chap. 3 of this publication, the ones from Benjamin (1966), Hertz (1961), Hoenig et al., (1970a, b), Money & Brennan (1968), Randell (1969), Vogt (1969) and Wålinder (1967) were regarded. The other 33 literature reports are presentations of reports with under five operated patients.

Methodological and Ideological Issues
As already in the review about MFTs (Pauly, 1965), the objective of the author was mainly to extract "objective" data about the described patients group compiled in literature. To the contrary of the first review a differentiated categories system of 102 items to describe the data contained in the literature report was used so that relatively extensive statements about the family history, the social status, beginning and development of symptoms, etc. could be gained. In view of the differences in the original reports is the partial sample size regarding some items, mostly noticeably smaller than the total sample. Pauly discussed the data obtained by this procedure in connection with the common aetiology hypothesis.

Author's Conclusions
"I will not belabor the justification for sex reassignment surgery further, beyond stating that the vast majority of researchers in gender identity appear to have concluded that in the absence of viable alternatives, sex reassignment seems the only therapeutic modality available (Money and Brennan, 1968; Pauly, 1968, 1969a, b; Stoller, 1968; Hastings, 1969; Baker and Green, 1970)). Most would agree, however, that this treatment is still considered experimental and in need of further evaluation of the long-term follow-up of transsexuals treated surgically" (1974b, p. 516). "In the meantime, the available evidence seems to suggest that sex reassignment surgery is the only known means available to alleviate the suffering of the transsexual" (1974b, p. 513). He recommends to consider reservedly the high success quota of 100% mentioned by some authors in the publications evaluated by him. Because the authors of the publications on which he bases his results are a self-describing group and that in view of the circumstances that sex reassignments are still disputed it is not to be expected that someone would publish a non-success.

Remarks
Regarding the general evaluation of the publication that does not cite the massive problems of follow-up studies but is mostly oriented to compose a mosaic about FMTs from the literature, we have to refer to what was already said about the previous review of the author (Pauly, 1965).