History
of the IPCC and its relationship with UNFCCC |
At
the occasion of the UNFCCC 10 years anniversary, IPCC
prepared a brochure describing the history of the IPCC
and its relationship with the convention.
Brochure
Addendum
|
Mandate
and Membership of the IPCC
Recognizing
the problem of potential global climate change, the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) in 1988. It is open to all members of the
UN and WMO.
The role
of the IPCC is to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open
and transparent basis the scientific, technical and socio-economic
information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of
risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts
and options for adaptation and mitigation. The IPCC does not
carry out research nor does it monitor climate related data
or other relevant parameters. It bases its assessment mainly
on peer reviewed and published scientific/technical literature.
Its role, organisation, participation and general procedures
are laid down in the "Principles Governing
IPCC Work"
General
information about the IPCC, its membership, procedures and ongoing
activities is provided in the official languages of the UN in
the following fact sheets:
Introduction Arabic
| Chinese | English
| French | Spanish
| Russian
Membership - Who is who in the IPCC Arabic
| Chinese |
English | French
| Spanish |
Russian
Procedures - How IPCC reports are prepared Arabic
| Chinese | English
| French | Spanish
| Russian
Ongoing IPCC Activities Arabic
| Chinese
| English
| French
| Spanish
| Russian
Organisational
Structure
The IPCC
has three Working Groups and a Task Force
Working Group
I assesses the scientific aspects of the climate system
and climate change.
Working
Group II assesses the vulnerability of socio-economic
and natural systems to climate change, negative and positive
consequences of climate change, and options for adapting to
it.
Working
Group III assesses options for limiting greenhouse gas
emissions and otherwise mitigating climate change.
The Task
Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories is responsible
for the IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme.
The Panel
meets in plenary sessions about once a year. It accepts/approves/adopts
IPCC reports, decides on the mandates and work plans of the
Working Groups and the Task Force, the structure and outlines
of its reports, the IPCC Principles and Procedures, and the
budget. The Panel also elects the IPCC Chair, the IPCC Bureau
and the Bureau of the Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories. The IPCC Bureau meets two to three times per year
and assists the IPCC Chair in planning, co-ordinating and monitoring
progress in the work of the IPCC.
The IPCC
is managed by the IPCC Secretariat, which is hosted by WMO in
Geneva and supported by UNEP and WMO. In addition each Working
Group and the Task Force has a Technical Support Unit. These
Technical Support Units are supported by the government of the
developed country co-chair of that Working Group or Task Force
and hosted by a research institution in that country. A number
of other institutions provide in kind support for IPCC activities.
Main
Activities and Products
A main activity
of the IPCC is to provide in regular intervals an assessment
of the state of knowledge on climate change. The IPCC also prepares
Special Reports and Technical Papers on topics where independent
scientific information and advice is deemed necessary and it
supports the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
through its work on methodologies for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories. A number of IPCC reports are published commercially.
Summaries, CD ROMs and Technical Papers can be obtained free
of charge. A limited number of full reports are avaible from
the IPCC Secretariat for developing countries and countries
with economies in transition.
The First IPCC Assessment Report was completed in 1990. The
Report played an important role in establishing the Intergovernmental
Negotiating Committee for a UN Framework Convention on Climate
Change by the UN General Assembly. The UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted in 1992 and entered into
force in 1994. It provides the overall policy framework for
addressing the climate change issue.
The IPCC
has continued to provide scientific, technical and socio-economic
advice to the world community, and in particular to the Parties
to the UNFCCC through its periodic assessment reports and special
reports. Its Second Assessment Report, Climate Change 1995,
provided key input to the negotiations, which led to the adoption
of the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC in 1997.
The Third
Assessment Report (TAR), Climate Change 2001, was completed
in 2001. It was submitted to the 7th Conference of the Parties
to the UNFCCC and Parties agreed that it should be used routinely
as a useful reference for providing information for deliberations
on agenda items of the Conference of the Parties.
The IPCC
has decided to continue to prepare comprehensive assessment
reports and agreed to complete its Fourth Assessment Report
in 2007.
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