How to help dog overcome fear of people

Q: My mom adopted an adorable 2-year-old shepherd terrier mix that clearly had a terrible life before coming to us. She's smart, a good watchdog and companion, and well behaved with other dogs. But other than my mom and daughter, she's scared to death of people. She cowers, flinches or flees in the presence of strangers, especially men. We've tried treats, but she isn't food motivated. How can we help this sweet dog adjust?

A: Thank you to your mom for opening her heart and home to this second-chance dog. You have a tough case. It sounds as if the dog is suffering from severe worry, fear and lack of confidence. When you mention that she won't take treats, it indicates that her fear drive is greater than her food drive, so we need to find something she will eat. Try treats like bites of cheese, lunch meat, steak, dried liver snacks, etc. Then you have to start with the association that all people equal treats.

While keeping the dog on leash during these exposures, associate the sight of the human with happy vocalizations, and give the dog the high-value food bite while acting happy. Really let her hear and feel your excitement. Start easy, in your home with someone whom the dog likes. Your mom needs to do the initial treating until the dog starts showing interest in the person she is being introduced to.

When she shows positive interest, this person can then give her a treat. During this action, the person should never try to pet her. This is a much later step. I encourage your mom to work with a private trainer to learn more details for greater success.

Holly Brand, certified dog trainer, West Coast K-9 Training

Do you have a medical or behavioral question about your pet? Send your question to Ask the Vet at home@sfchronicle.com.

This article appeared on page E - 6 of the San Francisco Chronicle