Jackson, Michigan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Jackson, Michigan | |
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| Nickname: The Rose City | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | United States |
| State | Michigan |
| County | Jackson |
| Government | |
| - Type | Council-Manager |
| - Mayor | Jerry Ludwig |
| - City Manager | William R. Ross |
| Area | |
| - City | 11.1 sq mi (28.7 km²) |
| - Land | 11.1 sq mi (28.7 km²) |
| - Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km²) |
| Elevation | 932 ft (284 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - City | 36,316 |
| - Density | 3,271.7/sq mi (1,265.4/km²) |
| - Metro | 163,629 |
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP codes | 49201-49204 |
| Area code(s) | 517 |
| FIPS code | 26-41420[1] |
| GNIS feature ID | 0629165[2] |
| Website: http://www.cityofjackson.org/ | |
Jackson is a city located along Interstate 94 in the south central area of the U.S. state of Michigan, about 40 miles (60 km) west of Ann Arbor. It is the county seat of Jackson County, Michigan[3]. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 36,316. It is the principal city of and is included in the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area.
It was founded in 1829, and named after Democratic President Andrew Jackson.
Jackson is the birthplace of the Republican Party. Undisputed is the fact that the first meeting of the new Republican party was held in Jackson under the Oaks, with Abraham Lincoln from Illinois in attendance.
Jackson is the home town of Tony Dungy, the first African American NFL head coach to win the Super Bowl. He was a three-sport star at Parkside High School (since changed to a middle school). Dungy played quarterback at the University of Minnesota and then defensive back for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL.
Nearby communities include Albion, Brooklyn, Cement City, Clark Lake, Concord, Grass Lake, Hanover, Horton, Lake Columbia, Liberty, Michigan Center, Munith, Napoleon, Parma, Pleasant Lake, Portage Lake, Pulaski, Rives Junction, Round Lake, Spring Arbor, Springport, Stockbridge, Tompkins Center, Vandercook Lake, and Waterloo.
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[edit] Geography
- According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.1 square miles (28.7 km²), all of it land.
- Jackson is considered to be part of Central Michigan.
[edit] History
On July 3, 1829, Horace Blackman, accompanied by Alexander Laverty, a land surveyor, and an Indian guide forded the grand river and made camp for the night at what is now Trail and S. Jackson Street. They arrived in Jackson on a well-traveled Indian trail leading west from Ann Arbor. Blackman hired Laverty and Pewytum to guide him west. Blackman returned to Ann Arbor and then Monroe and registered his claim for 160 acres (65 ha) at two dollars an acre. Blackman returned to Jackson in August, 1829, with his brother Russell. Together they cleared land and built a cabin, built on the corner of what would become Ingham and Trail streets. The town was first called Jacksonopolis. Later, it was renamed Jacksonburgh. Finally, in 1838 the town's name was changed to simply Jackson.
[edit] Economy
Several of the major employers in the city are CMS Energy, which provides natural gas and electrical services to much of Michigan and has its international headquarters in the city, as well as Foote Hospital.
Michigan Automotive Compressor, Inc. (MACI) is the largest manufacturer in the County. Jackson is also home to Southern Michigan Prison, once the largest walled prison in the world, and now one of the world's largest maximum-security prisons. List of Michigan state prisons, which provides employment to many area residents.
[edit] Income tax
The City of Jackson currently assesses a 1% income tax to residents and businesses located within the city, and 0.5% for non-residents working within the city limits. The income tax provides $7,000,000 of revenue, or 32% of the city's annual budget.
[edit] Motorsports
Jackson is 18 miles (29 km) from Michigan International Speedway. Each year the facility hosts several NASCAR sanctioned races including two Spring Cup races held in June and August, in addition to a NASCAR Craftsman Truck series race and two Busch series Stock car races.
The Jackson area was the home of Indy 500-winning car owner U. E. Patrick ("Pat" Patrick) and NASCAR team owner Harry Melling. Patrick Racing was formed in 1978 concurrent with the formation of Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART). For many years CART was sponsored by PPG. Patrick Racing won three Indianapolis 500s and two CART PPG championships with Gordon Johncock and Emerson Fittipaldi before the team folded in 1991. The team was revived in 1994 to test Firestone Indy car tires, and won the 1995 Michigan 500. Patrick Racing jumped to the IRL in 2004 and folded at the end of the season. Jackson area residents gave early financial support to Bill Elliott, then a promising young driver who joined the new Melling Racing team in 1982. Melling Racing with Elliott driving the Coors sponsored number 9 Ford Thunderbird won the NASCAR Winston Cup series title in 1988.
Grass Lake is also the home of the Community Racing Challenge. The Community Racing Challenge Series of Events will be held every Saturday Night from April 28th through September 16th at Springport Motor Speedway in Springport, Mi. Springport Motor Speedway is a state-of-the-art facility constructed in the early 80's with a total capacity approaching 7500.
Jackson Speedway contains a 1/4 mile concrete road course, 1/5 mile concrete oval track, a 1/6 mile dirt oval track, and a dirt bike track, where go karts, mini sprints, dwarf cars, and mini cup cars are run.
[edit] Education
The Jackson urbanized area is home to approximately 16 different elementary public schools, as well as about 16 private or parochial schools. It also has a large public middle school (The Middle School at Parkside), as well as Jackson Catholic Middle School. Finally, it also boasts eight high schools: Jackson High School (Public), East Jackson High School (Public), Jackson County Western High School (Public), Northwest High School (Public), The daVinci Institute (Charter), Jackson Christian School (Private, Non-Denom), Tomlinson Education Center, and Lumen Christi High School (Private, Catholic).
Education continues for adults who can take advantage of programs offered at three institutions of higher learning: Jackson Community College (JCC), Baker College, and Spring Arbor University. There are an additional 15 institutions all within one hour of Jackson County.
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1850 | 2,363 |
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| 1860 | 5,000 | 111.6% | |
| 1870 | 14,447 | 188.9% | |
| 1880 | 16,105 | 11.5% | |
| 1890 | 20,798 | 29.1% | |
| 1900 | 25,180 | 21.1% | |
| 1910 | 31,433 | 24.8% | |
| 1920 | 48,374 | 53.9% | |
| 1930 | 55,187 | 14.1% | |
| 1940 | 49,656 | -10.0% | |
| 1950 | 51,088 | 2.9% | |
| 1960 | 50,720 | -0.7% | |
| 1970 | 45,484 | -10.3% | |
| 1980 | 39,739 | -12.6% | |
| 1990 | 38,303 | -3.6% | |
| 2000 | 36,316 | -5.2% | |
| Est. 2006 | 34,554 | -4.9% | |
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 36,316 people, 14,210 households, and 8,668 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,274.9 per square mile (1,264.4/km²). There were 15,241 housing units at an average density of 1,374.4/sq mi (530.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 73.87% White, 19.70% Black or African American, 0.56% Native American, 0.51% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.65% from other races, and 3.67% from two or more races. 4.05% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 14,210 households out of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 19.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.12.
In the city the population was spread out with 29.7% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,294, and the median income for a family was $39,072. Males had a median income of $31,957 versus $23,817 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,230. About 15.2% of families and 19.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those under age 18 and 11.0% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Transportation
Jackson was originally a major railway hub, and for over a century has been known as the crossroads of Michigan.
[edit] Highways
Jackson is at the junction of Interstate Highway I-94 and US-127.
[edit] Interstates
[edit] US highways
US-12 Chicago Road also known as Michigan Avenue
US-127 intersects I-94 in two places. The portion known locally as 127 North continues as a divided freeway to Lansing. The portion known as 127 South intersects I-94 3-1/2 miles east of 127 North. It continues for approximately 5 miles (8 km) to the south as a divided, limited access highway along the city's east side, and then becomes a two lane highway south of town. 127 continues southward to the Ohio/Michigan state line and beyond.
[edit] Michigan routes
M-50 enters Jackson from the northwest, and exits southeast of town.
M-60 approaches Jackson from the southwest, ending at I-94 west of the city.
M-106 enters Jackson from the northeast and ends downtown.
[edit] Airport
Reynolds Field at Jackson County Airport is the main airport in the city. It had commercial service until 1984 and today operates as a general aviation facility.
Michigan Flyer® operates bus service between Jackson and Detroit Metro Airport running eight times daily.
[edit] Rail
- See also: Jackson, Michigan (Amtrak station)
Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Jackson, operating its Wolverine three times daily in each direction between Chicago and Pontiac, Michigan via Detroit. Baggage cannot be checked at this location; however, up to two suitcases in addition to any "personal items" such as briefcases, purses, laptop bags, and infant equipment are allowed on board as carry-ons.
[edit] Notable people from Jackson
- Austin Blair - Governor of Michigan
- Tony Dungy - National Football League player and coach
- Paula Faris - sportscaster, NBC-5 Chicago
- W. A. Foote - Founder of Consumers Energy
- Dave Hill - golfer
- Mike Hill - golfer
- Karch Kiraly - Olympic gold medalist and pro volleyball player
- Clarence Love - National Football League player, Super Bowl champion with Baltimore Ravens
- Tim McClelland - Major League Baseball umpire
- James McDivitt - NASA astronaut
- Tom Monaghan - Founder of Domino's Pizza
- Jack Paar - Original host of The Tonight Show
- Alonzo Sargent - Locomotive engineer
- Potter Stewart - U.S. Supreme Court Justice
- Rick Wise - Major League Baseball pitcher
- Alfred Worden - NASA astronaut
[edit] Sister city
[edit] References
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Greater Jackson Chamber of Commerce 20 November 2002. Retrieved on 31 August 2006.
[edit] External links
- Official City Web Site
- Jackson Michigan Community
- Greater Jackson Chamber of Commerce
- Enterprise Group of Jackson
- Jackson Home Page
- Jackson Convention and Visitors Bureau
- Jackson Community College
- Michigan Shakespeare Festival
- Jackson Magazine
- Jackson High School
- Lumen Christi Catholic High School
- Jackson Area Catholic Schools
- Jackson Christian Schools
- Northwest Community Schools
- Virtual Jackson
- Community Racing Challenge
- First Church of the Nazarene
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Charlotte, Hastings | Lansing, Mason, East Lansing | Howell, Pontiac | |
| Battle Creek, Marshall, Portage, Kalamazoo |  |
Ann Arbor, Detroit | ||
 Jackson  |
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| Coldwater | Hudson, Hillsdale | Tecumseh, Adrian, Toledo |
