Changdeokgung, one of the five palaces of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910), was constructed in 1405, as an auxiliary palace. In contrast to Gyeongbokgung, the main palace, the complex's layout is free from symmetrical or lineal arrangement of structures and instead is designed in accordance with the surrounding topography. Notably a hill and two flat areas to both sides of it were taken into consideration when determining the layout of the main gate, main hall and inner hall. Since the Three Kingdoms period construction techniques accounted for terrain features. The builders of Changdeokgung, fully employing the ancient techniques, created a structure which is uniquely Korean in terms of design.

Changdeokgung has undergone a number of repairs and reconstructions due to fire; yet it was never reduced in size. Of the three palaces that burnt down during the Hideyoshi invasions of 1592-1598, it was the first to be restored - beginning in 1606- and thus served as the main palace for almost 270 years. Built from the mid-Joseon to the modern period, the buildings within the complex demonstrate the styles of different periods. The oldest structure in the complex is Donhwamun Gate. Other ancient buildings include Injeongjeon (used for congratulatory ceremonies and the reception of foreign envoys), Seonjeongjeon (used to discuss national affairs) and Daejojeon (the queen's residence). In addition, the back garden (Huwon) served as a recreational area for Joseon kings. It is a fine example of ancient Korean landscaping with a lotus pond, trees - some now over 300 years old- and a pavilion all arranged in harmony with the natural surroundings. Changdeokgung makes an invaluable contribution to our understanding of traditional architecture, landscaping and history.