This Month In Australian Military History
June
Date | Year | Title | Event |
---|---|---|---|
1 June | 1918 | RAN aircraft first used in combat | First use of aircraft in combat by ships of the Royal Australian Navy in the Heligoland Bight. Aircraft were launched from HMAS Sydney and HMAS Melbourne to intercept two German aircraft. |
1 June | 1941 | Evacuation from Crete completed | Over 16,000 troops were successfully evacuated from the island over four successive nights. |
2 June | 1967 | 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, arrives in Vietnam | By 1967 Australia's commitment to the war in Vietnam was increasing as the task force expanded its control over areas of Phuc Tuy Province. |
3 June | 1942 | Battle of Midway begins | The battle of Midway was the first decisive defeat inflicted on Japan by America in the Second World War. The battle shifted the balance of sea power in the Pacific towards the Allies and forced Japan to abandon plans for advances on New Caledonia, Fiji and Samoa and delayed their offensive in New Guinea. |
3 June | 1944 | Last major air combat by RAAF in the Second World War | South of Biak Isand 15 P-40Ns from 78 Squadron attacked 15 Japanese aircraft comprising 12 fighters and three dive bombers and succeeded in shooting down seven fighters and all of the dive bombers for the loss of one P-40 and pilot. |
4 June | 1900 | Six Mile Spruit | Victorians and West Australians heavily engaged at Six Mile Spruit. |
4 June | 1944 | Allied troops enter Rome | The Italian campaign, aimed at exploiting the Allied victory in North Africa and distract German forces from France and the Eastern Front, became a lengthy war of attrition that was not brought to an end with the fall of Rome. |
5 June | 1941 | Cyprus reinforced by Australian troops | After their heavy losses during the invasion of Crete German plans to launch a similar attack against Cyprus were abandoned. |
6 June | 1942 | Battle of Midway ends | The battle of Midway was the first decisive defeat inflicted on Japan by America in the Second World War. The battle shifted the balance of sea power in the Pacific towards the Allies and forced Japan to abandon plans for advances on New Caledonia, Fiji and Samoa and delayed their offensive in New Guinea. |
6 June | 1944 | D-Day | Allies land in Normandy on D-Day opening a third front against Germany and beginning an eastward drive across northern Europe that ended with Germany's surrender in May 1945. |
6 June | 1969 | Battle of Binh Ba, South Vietnam | Binh Ba, located five kilometres north of the Australian base at Nui Dat was the site of a battle between a combined force of Viet Cong guerillas and North Vietnamese Army troops after they occupied the village. They were driven off after more than a day's fighting. This was the last large-scale clash in Phouc Tuy. |
7 June | 1917 | Captain R.C. Grieve, VC | Captain R.C. Grieve, 37th Battalion, originally from Melbourne, wins the Victoria Cross at Messines. |
7 June | 1951 | 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment | 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, patrols sent across the Imjin River and they begin to win control of the north bank. |
7 June | 1968 | Prime Minister visits Vietnam | Prime Minister Gorton begins two-day visit to Vietnam against a background of both a growing Australian military commitment to the war and steadily increasing, though not yet overwhelming, domestic opposition. |
7 - 10 June | 1917 | Private J. Carroll, VC | Private J. Carroll, 33rd Battalion, originally from Brisbane, wins the Victoria Cross at St Yves (battle of Messines). |
8 June | 1941 | Australians attack Vichy French in Syria | 7th Division and Imperial forces attack Vichy French in Syria. |
8 June | 1942 | Sydney and Newcastle shelled | In addition to launching the midget submarines that attacked Sydney Harbour and attacking shipping on Australia's east coast Japanese submarines shelled Sydney and Newcastle, but with little effect. |
8 June | 1950 | General Sir Thomas Blamey appointed Field Marshall | General Sir Thomas Blamey, Commander-in-Chief Allied Land Forces, South West Pacific Area, in the Second World War, made a Field Marshal. (The only Australian appointment ever to this rank.) |
9 June | 1941 | Litani River, Lebanon | Having seen the bridge over the River destroyed by Vichy French troops, two platoons of the 7th Division crossed the Litani River in canvas boats and captured several French positions on the far shore. |
10 June | 1940 | Italy declares war on the Allies | The Italian dictator Mussolini wished to profit from the German successes early in the war and declared war on the Allies in June 1940, by which time the most vocal Italian dissidents were in exile or in prison. |
10 June | 1941 | Recruiting begins for Torres Strait Defence Force | Recruitment commenced for the Torres Strait Defence Force to be drawn from the indigenous population of the Torres Strait Islands. |
10 June | 1944 | Last Japanese aircraft shot down shot down in New Guinea campaign | Flight Lieutenant Baker pursued and shot down a Japanese dive bomber, making it the last Japanese aircraft shot down by the RAAF in the New Guinea campaign. |
10 June | 1945 | Landings at Brunei, Labuan and Muar, Borneo | Codenamed Oboe 6 the 9th Division's landings at Brunei, Labuan and Muar were designed to secure the Brunei Bay area north of Borneo, to permit the establishment of an advanced fleet base to protect Brunei's oil and rubber resources. |
11 June | 1900 | Diamond Hill, South Africa | Members of the 1st Australian Horse and the New South Wales Lancers participate in the battle of Diamond Hill, South Africa. |
12 June | 1901 | Williamsrust, South Africa | Victorians trapped in a surprise attack at Williamsrust; 18 were killed and 42 wounded in a five-minute-long engagement. |
13 June | 1941 | Battle for Jezzine, Lebanon | The battle was one of several hard fought actions in the five-week-long campaign by the allies against Vichy French forces in Syria and Lebanon. |
13 June | 1945 | Australians capture Brunei | The Australian occupation of Brunei was aimed at permitting the establishment of an advanced fleet base to protect Brunei's oil and rubber resources. |
14 June | 1966 | The 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, arrives in South Vietnam | The deployment of the 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, to Vietnam formed part of Australia's build up of forces in Phouc Tuy Province in the mid-1960s. D Company from this battalion became involved in the battle of Long Tan in August 1966. |
15 June | 1901 | Sergeant J. Rogers, VC | Sergeant J. Rogers, South African Constabulary, originally from Moama, New South Wales, wins the Victoria Cross near Thaba 'Nchu, Orange Free State. Rogers was a New South Welshman by birth. |
15 June | 1951 | HMAS Bataan bombards Chongjin, Korea | After the war in Korea had ended the Chinese leader, Chairman Mao Tse Tung, admitted one of the principal factors in denying the Chinese and North Korean victory was the superiority of United Nations naval power. Australia's contribution to the naval war in Korea was significant. |
16 June | 1942 | HMAS Nestor sunk | The HMAS Nestor was in the Mediterranean, north of Tobruk, when she was bombed and sunk. |
16 June | 1948 | Malayan Emergency declared | Lasting 13 years, involvement in the Malayan Emergency was the longest continuing military commitment in Australia's history. Fifty-one Australian servicemen died in Malaya (although only 15 of these deaths occurred as a result of operations) and 27 were wounded, the majority of whom were in the army. |
17 June | 1945 | Australians land at Weston, North Borneo | The Australian landings on Borneo were aimed at denying the Japanese oil and establishing bases for naval operations. The value of these operations has been subject to continuing debate. |
18 June | 1943 | Australian government announces that Australia is no longer threatened with invasion | By 1943 it was clear that the Japanese no longer had the capacity to threaten Australia with invasion, though it seems that such an invasion was never planned by the Japanese. |
18 June | 1953 | Australian prisoners of war of the Korean War released at Panmunjon | Thirty Australians were taken prisoner in Korea. One prisoner died while in captivity. |
19 June | 1952 | Jamestown Line, Korea | The 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, relieved the 1st Battalion, the Leicestershire Regiment on the Jamestown line, Korea. |
19 June - 6 July | 1941 | Lieutenant A.R. Cutler, VC | Lieutenant A.R. Cutler, 2/5th Field Regiment, 7th Division, originally of Manly, New South Wales, wins the Victoria Cross for a series of actions at Merdjayoun and in the Damour area, Lebanon. |
20 June | 1864 | Australians in action at Te Ranga, New Zealand | More than 2,500 men from the Australian colonies crossed the Tasman to fight in the New Zealand Wars. Most joined the Waikato militia regiments and became involved in patrolling and garrison duties. |
20 June | 1943 | Darwin bombed | Darwin was bombed by Japanese aircraft 64 times during the Second World War. |
21 June | 1941 | Damascus occupied | Damascus was a secondary objective for the Allies during the five-week Syrian campaign, in which the capture of coastal towns of Damour and Beirut and the inland town of Merdjayoun were more important to the outcome. |
21 June | 1951 | 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, awarded United States Presidential Distinguished Unit Citation | United States Presidential Distinguished Unit Citation awarded to 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, for "extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance" at the battle of Kapyong, Korea. |
22 June | 1941 | Operation Barbarossa launched | Germany's invasion of Russia led to the greatest clash of arms in history. The war occupied by far the greatest proportion of German manpower and much of the burden of defeating Germany fell to Russia. |
22 June | 1945 | Beaufort, Borneo occupied | The Australian occupation of Brunei was aimed at permitting the establishment of an advanced fleet base to protect Brunei's oil and rubber resources. |
22 June | 1945 | Japanese resistance on Tarakan ends | Codenamed Oboe 1, the landings at Tarakan were primarily aimed at establishing a fighter airfield, though in the end this was not done. |
23 June | 1885 | Sudan contingent disembarks | The New South Wales contingent spent a little over two months in the Sudan without seeing any serious action. Upon their return they spent some time at the North Head Quarantine Station. |
24 June | 1927 | Opening of the Menin Gate Memorial Ypres, Belgium | The Menin Gate Memorial to the missing records the names of over 56,000 Allied soldiers, among them 6,176 Australians missing in the battles near Ypres in the First World War. |
24 June | 1942 | Afrika Korps attacks Egypt | Afrika Korps attacks Egypt, forcing Allied forces back to El Alamein, where one of the pivotal battles of the war was fought later in the year. |
25 June | 1917 | US troops in France | US troops begin to arrive in France. |
25 June | 1950 | North Korea invades South Korea. | Beginning of the three-year-long Korean War. |
25 - 26 June | 1916 | Private J.W.A. Jackson, VC | Private J.W.A. Jackson, 17th Battalion, originally from Gunbar, New South Wales, wins the Victoria Cross south-east of Bois Grenier, near Armentières, France. |
26 June | 1956 | Sungei Siput, Malaya | Men of the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, attacked a Communist camp near Sungei Siput in Perak, Malaya. Three of the Communists were killed in the fight. |
27 June | 1911 | Royal Military College Duntroon opens | The Royal Military College Duntroon was created at the suggestion of Field Marshal Lord Kitchener; its first commandant was Colonel W.T. Bridges, who later died of wounds received at Gallipoli. |
27 June | 1950 | UN recommends assistance to South Korea | United Nations Security Council recommends United Nations assistance to South Korea after the North Korean invasion of 25 June. |
27 June | 1950 | RAAF bomber Squadron to Malaya | Six RAAF Lincolns of No. 1 Squadron and a flight of Dakotas from No. 38 Squadron formed part of the Far East Air Force. The RAAF's contribution represented Australia's first involvement in the Malayan Emergency. |
28 June 1918 | 1918 | Corporal P. Davey, VC | Corporal P. Davey, 10th Battalion, originally from Goodwood, South Australia, wins the Victoria Cross at Merris, France. |
28 June | 1919 | Treaty of Versailles signed | Paris Peace Conference was concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty, signed between Germany and representatives of 27 victorious powers, punished Germany territorially and financially for her role in the First World War. The treaty was supposed also to prevent Germany having the means to make war in the future |
28 June | 1945 | Private L.T. Starcevich, VC | Private L.T. Starcevich, 2/43rd Battalion, originally from Subiaco, Western Australia, wins the Victoria Cross at Beaufort, North Borneo. |
28 June | 1950 | Seoul captured | The North Korean People's Army captured Seoul in their initial southward advance, by the end of the Korean War the city had changed hands four times. |
29 June | 1950 | Australia commits military units to the United Nations Force in Korea | Australia was one of the first nations to commit units, from each of the three services, to the war in Korea. Australians in Korea fought as part of the United Nations Command. |
30 June | 1941 | HMAS Waterhen sunk | HMAS Waterhen was sunk on the Tobruk run. |
30 June | 1942 | Australian troops raid Salamaua | The raid on Salamaua was carried out by men of the New Guinea Volunteer Rifles and the 2/5th Independent Company, they caused damage to Japanese facilities and supplies. |
30 June | 1950 | No. 77 Squadron RAAF committed to Korea | Prime Minister Menzies announced that No. 77 Squadron RAAF was to be committed to combat duties in Korea. This was the first Australian unit committed to the war in Korea; they were equipped with Mustangs. |
30 June | 1971 | Final anti-war rally | 110,000 people in Australian cities demonstrated against the war in Vietnam. |
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