From Consensus to Confusion to Division

A response to

The June 2005 LTJ content and the ordination of women (OW)

 

We understand that members of the Lutheran Church Australia (LCA) have been invited to respond to the material presented in the Lutheran Theological Journal (LTJ) which is supposed to assist readers in coming to an understanding of God’s will for the Church in regard to the ordination of women.   We venture some observations relating to the ‘politics’ of the issue.

 

Prior to the amalgamation of the two Lutheran churches in 1966 both parties engaged in intense discussions on issues that needed clarification and a clear understanding between them.  This was done prayerfully under God, in submission to His Word.   The end result was genuine consensus, most of which is documented in the Theses of Agreement (TA), which is incorporated in the Document of Union, the foundational document of the LCA. 

 

In the first paragraph of his paper “Paul, the Mission to Jews, and Women in the Churches”[1] Dr V Pfitzner summarised that historical consensus in relation to the OW:-
 
The 'Theses on the Office of the Ministry', adopted in 1950 by the Joint Intersynodical Committees of the two Lutheran churches prior to union (1966), reflected a solid consensus. A woman could not be called into the office of the public ministry (Theses of Agreement VII, 11; DSTO 1989: Al 3). Scriptural support for this position was supplied by simple reference to I Corinthians 14:34,35 and 1 Timothy 2:11-14. Exegetical notes and theological argumentation were not necessary; there was no controversy on the matter.” (Emphasis added)

In spite of the consensus that was reached in the TA, there were latent theological variances that would become obvious within a mere ten years of union.  These included matters relating to the authority, inspiration and inerrancy of Scripture, and the role of women in the church

Within the decade some OW sympathizers were testing the water.  In the early 1980s the authority of Scripture came under review with Dr S P Hebart’s Theology of the Word lectures being prominent in that exercise.  An early by-product was a push to have OW firmly on the agenda.  Some LCA leaders at that time were indignant that lay Lutherans expressed concerns at the emergence of deviant theological concepts and became involved in addressing them. 

There was protracted discussion in the LCA on Scripture which culminated in the “Consensus Statement on Scripture” being adopted at the 1984 general synod.  It was acknowledged that that was the best ‘consensus’ that could be achieved at the time.  Expressions of doctrinal concerns diminished in the genuine hope that adherence to the Consensus Statement would foster greater doctrinal unity.  Sadly the exercise seemed to provide little more than a lull in the departure from any solid consensus on a number of issues. The struggle preceding the adoption of that statement was a clear indication that the status and authority of the TA was being challenged.  Downgrading of the relevance of the TA continues.

In the third paragraph of the article referred to above Dr Pfitzner stated:-
Basic assumptions on which earlier statements were based have been increasingly challenged and more thoroughly debated since the 1986 decision of the Commission on Theology and Inter-Church Relations to initiate a thorough study of the question whether women could be ordained. We have reached the point where original consensus has been replaced by dissent on a variety of exegetical and theological questions.”

 

While the dissent on exegetical and theological questions has gained momentum, the view of Scripture portrayed in the TA has been corrupted.  How else could an issue of LTJ now be published with some articles suggesting that Scripture can be shown to accommodate contradictory teachings relating to OW?  It seems satirical that the LCA’s public doctrine in this matter should now be put up for grabs by confronting our original solid consensus with supposedly enlightened views of Scripture that were not in evidence at the time of Union.

 

From the time that proponents of OW eased the issue onto the LCA’s agenda, the basis of the controversy has not been clearly presented to the people.  (See The Real State of Controversy in the Ordination Debate by Pastor Peter Koehne, attached)  Instead the process of gradualism has eroded certainty about our doctrinal position on OW and incrementally conditioned many members to seeing accommodation to the culture and its dictates as being inevitable.

 

The Commission on Theology and Inter-Church Relations (CTICR) is understood to be an advisory body to the LCA on theological issues, and a participant with the General Church Council in being guardian and defender of the LCA’s doctrine.  The Church is diminished and confused by doctrinal disunity within the CTICR as evidenced by the material on the OW put before us yet again.  Instead of upholding the LCA’s former solid consensus the message now seems to be “see what you think, take your pick, you decide what is relevant”.

 

In 1992 we had the ‘red book’, Women and the Ministry which evidenced the different approaches to Scripture.  That was followed by other conflicting papers.  Then came the various information sessions in the lead-up to the 2000 synod. They often included the tragic spectacle of a theological leader having to present a case at variance with the teaching of the Church, all in the name of ‘balance’.  We don’t recall hearing then, or subsequently, much emphasis on  “It is written”, “thus says the Lord” or “have you never read?”

 

The results of the indicative vote on the OW taken at the 2000 general pastors’ conference was a stark illustration of theological confusion that further eroded the confidence in leaders that many members yearn to have.  The pastors’ almost even split on the issue reflected the shambles in the Church.  That the conference was conducted in ‘a courteous and brotherly manner’ did little to mask the obvious doctrinal disunity.  It was hard to believe that the issue was put to convention without our spiritual fathers and teachers being able to arrive at any solid consensus. 

 

Even though the standard of debate on the floor of convention was also seen as being courteous, how could a church allow a review of its doctrine on the Office of the Ministry to be determined by a procedure that included various leaders forcefully urging contradictory advice?  One virtually dismissed Biblical restraints and declared, “Let’s just do it!”  

 

The motion permitting the OW had been submitted by a discordant CTICR.  It was lost. The reaction from the chair was swift and clear,  “…the motion was defeated.  The debate continues….”  We wonder what that ruling had to say about the guidance of the Holy Spirit which was prayerfully sought before the vote was taken.

 

The concept that binding decisions can be made on doctrinal matters by a synodical vote requiring a given percentage presents problems especially when there is major disagreement amongst the theological advisers.  However, since that constitutional procedure was used in the OW matter, one could expect the result to have stood and be supported with some vigour, rather than reverting again to discussions, reflections, and considering responses with a view to advising the church on how to proceed.  Didn’t the Spirit get it right the first time?

 

Had two-thirds of the voting members been in favour of OW in 2000 it would have been implemented and hailed by its proponents as an answer to prayer.  But the motion was lost.  In the interests of good order, constitutional procedures and church democracy that should have been the end of the matter, as it would have been had the results been reversed. 

 

So the whole issue has been regurgitated.  A more deeply divided CTICR has assembled more papers for discussion by an obviously divided clergy and a confused and divided laity. 

 

It was helpful to receive the CTICR’s May 2004 paper “Controverted Matters in the LCA Debate on the Ordination of Women”.  It documented the nature and extent of unresolved matters relating to the OW and also illustrated how much, and in what areas, the solid consensus evident in the LCA at the time of Union has been destroyed.  While that situation persists the ability of the LCA to make a clear confession is in tatters. 

 

Now we have the May 2005 issue of the LTJ that deals only with OW position papers.

The “From the president” contribution on page 4 can give the impression that it doesn’t really matter much what the end result of the exercise is as long as you keep in mind that the LCA does have a position on the issue.

 

The paper on hermeneutics gives some indication as to why there is so much variance on the issue, but does nothing to justify that situation.  The papers, arguing opposing positions on OW on the basis of common texts, leave little doubt as to the hermeneutical confusion existing among those whose calling it is to give the church theological advice.  The whole presentation can be quite confusing, especially for those lay members who have been urged toward thinking that the LCA’s position on the OW is ‘out of date’.  How can this type of adversarial hermeneutic honor God?

 

It must be emphasized that there are theological leaders, spiritual fathers, teachers and CTICR members who have vigorously upheld and taught the truth, and supported the LCA’s confession in these matters and continue to do so.  We honor them and thank God for their faithfulness. 

 

We understand that some prominent supporters of OW agree that when the principle texts in the debate are taken as read there is no case for OW.  So credence is given to the new methods of interpretation, culture, social arguments and wanting to keep up with churches they think have become more ‘relevant’ for having ordained women.

 

Those who are urging the LCA further down the slippery slope towards OW seem to be increasingly imaginative in adapting alluring elements of culture, reason and precedents set by other churches in their attempts to get the LCA to ‘be with it’. The determination of some of the pro-OW lobby is evident not only in their writings but also their public teaching, preaching and practices that are in defiance of LCA teaching.  A browse of the Resources on the LCA’s web site and the content of some pastors’ web sites will give evidence of public teaching contrary to the official position of the LCA on OW and other matters.  Teachings like these make a mockery of the President’s assurance that “They (pastors) do not teach their own ideas, but the confession of the church”.   It also raises the question of how seriously some pastors take their ordination vows and what is being done about it.

 

The slide into ambiguity and away from doctrinal integrity in the pro-OW case as presented in the current LTJ, does nothing to enhance its credibility. It is evident that those anonymous writers who promote OW are themselves divided, as are its adherents in the rank and file of the LCA.

 

In trying to make the departure from solid consensus seem attractive it is instructive to note how much emphasis is placed on being nice about it.  Exhibiting courteous and brotherly behavior and ‘speaking the truth in love’ at CTICR meetings is great if God’s truth is not compromised.  So how is the glaring lack of solid consensus accounted for? 

 

 

We are hearing more of the need for dialogue where no-one expects any pre-determined out-comes but all different points of view can be heard and honored so we can all grow through discussion.  That sound like a good recipe for making Scripture say what anyone wants it to say.

Hope is being placed on ‘recovering an understanding of consensus’, but with emphasis on a ‘general movement of opinion’ so a ‘solid middle ground’ can be established.  That sort of attempt at ‘peace through compromise’ is not how the diligent framers of the TA operated.  Phrases within the TA make it clear that its writers used the same principles in its construction as did the authors of the Formula of Concord when they set out clearly what was to be taught and what was to be rejected.  That way our fathers arrived at a solid consensus which included a clear rejection of the OW. 

 

Allowing the Word of God to be treated ambiguously has gotten us into the current mess. How can there be any hope of a return to solid consensus unless there is a return to the basic rules for doctrine?  That is to state what the clear biblical teaching is on an issue and then identify and reject any errors associated with it. 

 

We sense annoyance and frustration in the Church at the way the OW issue is being handled.  Persisting with the middle-ground-consensus approach without giving clear doctrinal direction is seen by some as humbug.  Others view it as a way of wearing people down until they get so confused or sick of it that they give up. 

 

While we have some theological leaders who are allowed to affront our faith by making the glorious Gal 3: 26-29 passage a masthead for their OW campaign, what hope is there of being able to arrive at anything resembling a solid consensus?

 

The past president of the LCA talked about the need to ‘search for the truth and for the mind of Christ for the LCA’ regards OW.  This sentiment obviously still applies.  It raises some valid questions:-

  • Are Christ’s words via His inspired writers unclear on the issue?
  • Did the authors of our TA not understand Christ’s words, or did they apply them wrongly?
  • How is it that the truth has evaded us up until now, if in fact it has?
  • Has the Christian Church been in error on OW for the last 2000 years? 
  • Has the Spirit of God misled the Church on OW through the ages only to bestow real wisdom now in these post-modern times?

 

Whether in the world or in the church, when any major changes are contemplated it is prudent to consider any likely consequences in the discussion process.  The likely fallout if OW is adopted in the LCA is not being included in materials put before us by the CTICR. 

 

Here too we believe that relevant questions should be asked.

 

In many cases, except where strong cultural sanctions reject homosexuality, once OW has been accepted, it has led, almost as a matter of course to the acceptance of homosexual behavior and eventually the ordination of homosexuals.  If the clear statements of Scripture that prohibit the OW can be re-interpreted or disregarded the same can and does happen with texts that speak negatively about homosexuals.  Why is a consideration of homosexual implications not included in our OW materials when they have had a devastating affect in some churches that caved in to pressures to ordain women?

 

We expect that it would not be the CTICR’s intention to recommend setting the TA aside on OW or other issues, or to sideline those members of the LCA who in good conscience adhere to the current teachings of the Church and accept the TA, including TA 1, 4 (a), which makes it clear that persistent error must lead to separation.   If there was a two-thirds vote in favor of OW in 2006 that would not generate a conscience back-flip for the minority who held to the teaching of the Church.  In that case who would be expected to leave the LCA, those who opted not to abandon its teachings or those who chose to implement OW? 

 

There are times when LCA members who expressed concern about events or practices that had been introduced into their congregations have been advised to go somewhere else if they don’t like it.  This is distressing, especially for long-term members.  It is little wonder that people ask what would happen if the LCA was persuaded to ordain women. 

 

The pursuit of OW in churches generally has been fuelled by the current feminist world-view that has little difficulty twisting and distorting Biblical text.  It is natural that church members who yearn to eat of the fruit of the OW movement seek and give mutual support.  In their enthusiasm, they seem to be oblivious to the grief inflicted on their church communities in the process.  Is it untoward to suggest that Lutherans who feel compelled to promote the OW at all costs, seek the association of fellow travelers in other domains?  In this way they could be fulfilled and be spared responsibility for fostering havoc in the LCA.

 

We urge our leaders to bite the bullet, acknowledge and uphold the clarity of the Scriptures on this matter, and do all within their power to bring the LCA back onto the firm foundation, which is Christ Jesus and His Word (1 Cor. 3:11).

 

Sincerely

In Christ

 

 

Barry Lindner

Secretary

Confessional Lutherans Australia.

 

 

 

 

Attachment to CLA’s paper - “From Consensus to Confusion to Division”
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The Real State of Controversy in the Ordination Debate

 

The Lutheran Church is no stranger to internal controversy. The Book of Concord brought to a close the doctrinal divisions that had plagued the church for thirty years. It is especially the Epitome that sets forth the right way to proceed in disputes over doctrine:

  • first, define the state of controversy;
  • secondly, on the basis of Scripture affirm the true teaching;
  • thirdly, reject the false doctrine.

 

The first step is fundamental; confusion over what divides the two parties must lead to misunderstandings and destructive assumptions. In the present debate on the ordination of women, the state of controversy has been skewed. So, for example, the Lutheran
(20 September 2004) has announced that there will be church-wide discussion once again, and it has summarised the point in question in the following words: “One essay will set out the case for the ordination of men only, and another will set out the case for the ordination of men and women.” This is a subversive statement and it obscures the real point at issue.  It implies that “men only” is being opposed to “both men and women” as a sociological difference. It is suggesting that the one party wishes to entrench men in a hegemonic position in the church over against a party seeking to liberate women by treating them equal with men.

 

Put that way, and the result is a foregone conclusion. It is quite possible that some of those who were responsible for this formulation were fully aware of what they were doing.

 

The real point at issue in the debate is completely lost, that is, the correct understanding of Scripture. So far in all the discussions that have taken place in the past, the fact has been ignored that the LCA has a public doctrine that is part of the basis of the union of the two Lutheran churches. Since it is this public doctrine that is being challenged in the debate, it is here that the state of controversy should find its definition.

 

The doctrine reads as follows: “1 Cor. 14:34, 35 and 1 Tim. 2:11-14 prohibit a woman from being called into the office of the public ministry for the proclamation of the Word and the administration of the Sacraments.” On this basis, the point in question should be “Scripture prohibits women from holding the office of the ministry” over against “Scripture does not prohibit women from holding the office of the ministry.” By stating the two positions in these terms, subversive issues are excluded and the real concern, that is, the primacy of Scriptural teaching, is kept clearly in view.

 

In the present atmosphere of misinformation it is doubtful if the members of the church will be able to judge fairly on what is at stake. As in all debates, the end, if it is to be a God-pleasing and healing one, depends on the correctness of the beginning.

 

Pastor Peter Koehne

 



[1] This paper was delivered on 24th July 1988 at a “Symposium on the Ordination of Women”, organised by Luther Seminary.